Content validation of simulations to reduce stigma when caring for individuals with opioid use disorder

Abstract :

Background: Stigma by nurses is a major barrier to quality healthcare for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). Simulation-based learning experiences have been used in healthcare education to teach empathy. However, the use of validated simulations to reduce OUD-related stigma and enhance empathy in nursing education is limited.

Method: A qualitative exploratory design using semi-structured focus group interviews was used to evaluate content validity of six new simulations designed with the goal of educating graduate and undergraduate nursing students about stigma related to OUD and promoting empathetic care. The Healthcare Simulation Standards of Best PracticeTM Simulation Design guided this study. The purpose of this study was to validate each simulation for content accuracy and clinical relevance. The simulations underwent a rigorous evaluation by a panel of experts that addressed situational context, scripts, learning objectives, OUD treatment, and OUD stigma cues.

Results: The panel of ten experts included healthcare providers, some of whom were also nurse educators, and family members affected by OUD. Thematic analysis identified four themes for refinement: 1) strategies for enhancing realism, 2) additional cueing to generate empathetic responses, 3) refining stigma cues, and 4) limitations of mannequins. Additional themes were: 1) recognition of diverse patients, 2) incorporation of OUD as a chronic illness, and 3) a novel approach to standardized patients.

Conclusion: Evaluation of the simulations provided content validation and offered enhancements to increase clinical relevance, improving the effectiveness of the simulations to achieve the desired learning outcomes.

Please include a short summary of your presentation that highlights why an attendee would want to participate in your session.: This study highlighted the potential of validated simulation-based education (SBE) to improve nurses’ knowledge and skills related to stigma when caring for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). Experts emphasized the potential of simulations to enhance nurses' knowledge and skills in combating stigma while increasing empathy. With the integration of diverse perspectives, SBE has the potential to positively impact the care of individuals with OUD.